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Kazakhstan, the second
largest of the former Soviet republics in territory, possesses enormous
untapped fossil fuel reserves as well as plentiful supplies of other
minerals and metals.
In 1995-97 the pace
of the government program of economic reform and privatizaton quickened,
resulting in a substantial shifting of assests into the private
sector. The December 1996 signing of the Caspian Pipeline Consortium
agreement to build a new pipeline from western Kazakhstan's Tengiz
oil field to the Black Sea increases prospects for substantially
larger oil export in several years.
President Nazarbayev
has estimated that $10 billion in foreign investments have been
made in Kazakhstan since its independence, and that $60 billion
could be invested in the long run, mostly in oil exploration over
the next 40 years. Kazakh government has estimated that Kazakhstan
could earn $700 billion in revenues from oil and gas over the next
40 years.
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AREA
2,717,300 km2
POPULATION
16,731,303 (July 2000 est.)
MAJOR
CITIES POPULATION
(1995 Estimates)
| City |
Population |
Region |
Area(Km2) |
| Almaty |
980,000 |
Almaty |
105,700 km2 |
| Astana |
280,000 |
Aqmola |
92,000 km2 |
| Qaraghandy |
580,000 |
Qaragrandy |
115,400 km2 |
| Shymkent |
600,000 |
Ongtustik Qazaqstan |
117,300 km2 |
CURRENCY
1 Kazakhstani tenge = 100 tiyn
GDP-REAL
GROWTH RATE
2.5% (1998 est.)
GDP-PER
CAPITA
Purchasing power parity : $5,000
(2000 est.)
INFLATION
Inflation Rate (Change
in Consumer Prices, 1997 est.): 11.4%
EXCHANGE
RATE
Kazakhstan Tenges
per US $ 1
| Years |
KTZ |
| 1994 |
38 |
| 1995 |
61 |
| 1996 |
65 |
| 1997 |
70 |
| 1998 |
78 |
| 1999 |
119 |
| 2000 |
142 |
| 2001 |
145 |
GDP
Purchasing Power parity $85.5 billion (2000 est.)
MAJOR
EXPORTS
Petroleum, ferrous and
nonferrous metals, chemicals, grain, wool, meat, coal and cotton
MAJOR
TRADING PARTNERS
Russia, U.A.E., Ukraine, China, Turkey, U.K., Germany, South Korea.
MAJOR
IMPORTS
Machinery and parts, industrial
materials, Consumer items.
OIL
Proven Oil Reserves (1998
est.) 10.0--17.6 billion barrels Oil Production (Jan - Sept 199
est.) 571,000 barrels per day (bbl/d) Oil Production (1997E): 573,000
bbl/d
GAS
Natural Gas Reserves (1998
est.):
53-83 trillion cubic feet (Tcf)
Natural Gas Production
(1997 est.):0.22 Tcf
Net Natural Gas Exports
(1997 est.):0.02 Tcf
COAL
Coal Reserves(1997 est.):
38 billion short tons
Coal Production (1997 est.): 80 million short tons (mmst)
Net Coal Exports (1997 est.): 26 mmst
IMPORTS
& EXPORTS
Exports (2000) $8,800
million
Imports (2000) $6,900 million
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